Abstracts of Main Articles

UNIVERSITY «COURSE OF POLITICAL ECONOMY»: THIRTY YEARS LATER (IN CONNECTION WITH THE 90-TH ANNIVERSARY OF N.A. TSAGOLOV)

Author

Chercovets V.N., ScD (Economics), Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the leader of the task group «Reprocessing and Economic Growth» of the Chair of political economy of the Faculty of Economy of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov

Abstract

The reprint of the extensivw article, accompanied by the editorial comment, from «Rossiisky Ekonom- ichesky Zhurnal» Nos. 10 & 11 of 1994 under the subsection «From Journal Archives» of the section «Retrospections and Modern Times: for the 100th anniversary of the October Revolution». The Article characterizes the system of political economy (the system of economic categories and laws) of socialism, proposed by the Chair of political economy of the Faculty of Economy of the Moscow State University in Volume 2 («Socialism») of the two Volumes «Course of Political Economy» under the edition of N.A. Tsagolov, issued in three publications, respectively, in 1963, 1970 and 1973-1974. The author, which is the second (along with N.A. Tsagolov) «founding father of the Marxist political economy school known in our country and in the University («Tsagolov’s») world also argues the thesis about the possibility and expediency of using much of methodological and theoretical experience of this school in the discussions concerning the ways of reforming the economy of post-Soviet Russia.

Keywords

political economy, political economy in the wide meaning, political economy of capital­ism, political economy of socialism, market economy, planned economy, mixed economy, microeconomics, macroeconomics, optimal functioning system for socialist economy, F. Quesnay, A. Smith, D. Ricardo, K. Marx, F. Engels, V.I. Lenin, I.V. Stalin, N.I. Bukharin, N.A. Berdyaev, N.A. Tsagolov, J. Keynes, P. Samuelson, J. Tinbergen, V.V. Leontiev.

 

A FEW CONSIDERATIONS TO THE ARTICLE OF V.N. CHERKOVETS ON «COURSE OF POLITICAL ECONOMY»

Author

Melentiev A.Yu., PhD (Economics), Editor-in-Charhe of «Rossiisky Ekonomichesky Zhurnal»

Abstract

The reprint of the short article, accompanied by the Editorial comment, from «Rossiisky Ekonomichesky Zhurnal» No. 11 of 1994 in the subsection «From Journal Archives» of the section «Retrospections and Modern Times: for the 100th anniversary of the October Revolution». The Author responds to the Article of V.N. Cherkovets «University «Course of Political Economy»: thirty years later (in connection with the 90th anniversary of N.A. Tsagolov), published in Nos. 10-11 of «Rossiisky Ekonomichesky Zhurnal» of 1994. While approving the principal provisions of this article he pays his attention to the absence of direct comments on the aspect of the scientific activity of N.A. Tsagolov. This concerns the non-trivial and non-apologetic reaction of the founder of the «tsagolovsky school» to the official «conception of the developed socialism» - the reaction which is noticeable in the works of N.A. Tsagolov of the last years of his life (the first half of 1980s). The essence of this reaction, according to the author, is as follows: «conception of the developed socialism», incredible as it may seem, reflected not the development, but on the contrary, the non-development of the actual condition of the Soviet society from the point of view of the classic Marxist-Leninist criteria of the first phase of the post-capitalist (communist) way of production. This resulted in the recommendation of N.A. Tsagolov concerning not «the accelerated communist construction», but the necessity in careful taking into account and using in the management of the public economy all elements of the existing «geterogeneous» social-and-economic structure of the society, including, indispensably, the goods-and-money relations and the law of value.

Keywords

conception of developed socialism, political economy of socialism, general communist fundamentals of socialism, goods-and-money relations and law of value, K. Marx, F. Engels, V.I. Lenin, I.V. Stalin, N.A. Tsagolov, V.N. Cherkovets, V.A. Medvedev.

 

CONCEPTUAL ISSUES OF CREATING IN RUSSIA COUNTER-CYCLICAL SYSTEM OF TAX AND FOREIGN ECONOMIC REGULATION

Author

Petrov Yu.A., PhD (Economics), Head of the Laboratory of monetary-and-credit mechanisms of economic development of the Central economics-and-mathematics institute of the Russian Academy of Science

Abstract

Starting from the conclusion grounded before by him concerning inacceptability for the economies which suffer from the dependence of the raw materials export, the regulation models which do not have a countercyclical trend, the author of the article goes over to the grounding of the conception of creating a countercyclical system of regulating the Russian economy with the means of the tax and foreign economic policy. In this context the problem of megavolatility of our economy is investigated and it is found that its economic crises in 1998—1999, 2008—2009 and 2014—2016 are not the recessions of the activity cycle, but the collapses of the foreign trade conditions. The mechanism is found to determine various dynamics of GDP and GDE (gross domestic expenditures). There is indicated the failure of parity of interest rates for the Russian economy, and the necessity of controlling the rate of exchange is proved. The recommendations concerning the transition from the pro-cyclical to the counter-cyclical economic policy are formulated.

Keywords

counter-cyclical system of regulation, stabilizing and stimulating economic policy, megavolatility of economy, terms of trade, gross domestic expenditures, parity of interest rates, inflation targeting, rate of exchange targeting, rate of exchange management.

 

MONEY THEORIES: HISTORIC ESSAYS OF ECONOMIC AND THE TEORETICAL THOUGHT (MATERIALS FOR LECTURES AND SEMINARS)

Author

Khudokormov A.G., ScD (Economics), Professor, Head of the Chair of History of Public Economy and Economics of the Faculty of Economics of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov

Abstract

In the article, addressed to the university teachers of economics and historic economic thinking as well as to those postgraduates and students who study these sciences, almost all basic theories of monetary economy shown in diachrony are analysed. The first stage of the monetary theories is limited by the theories of Ancient East (Egypt and Mesopotamia) and Antiquity (Ancient Greece and Rome). The dispute between the supporters of nominalism and «metalism» is based on the polemic material of the middle age «school people» (F. Akvinsky, J. Buridan, N. Orezm), then follows the analyses of the ideas of the Russian representatives of nominalism and metalism. The conceptions of the modern times are presented by the ideas of mercantilists as well as the supporters of the quantitative theory of money (D. Yum and others). The money theories of the leading trends of modern economics (neoclassics, keynesianism, monetarism) are interpreted.

Keywords

money, theory of money, monetary economy, monetary richness, monetary relations, nominalistic and metalistic conceptions of money, quantitative theory of money, mercantilism, classic political economy, neoclassic economic theory, marginalism, economics, keynesianism, monetarism, Aristotle, Xenophon, F. Akvinsky, T. Man, D. Yum, D. Ricardo, I. Fisher, L. Walrus, J. Keynes, M. Friedman, Washington consensus.

 

PERSONALITY (IN CONNECTION WITH THE DEATH OF V.V. KULIKOV)

Author

Lyubinin A.B., ScD (Economics), Professor, Member of Board of Directors of LLC «Business-Alliance», the graduate of the Faculty of Economy of the Moscow State University (1973) and the Faculty Doctorate (1976) at the Chair of political economy

Abstract

The author shares with the readers his impressions of his years-long relations with his University teacher and senior friend — the famous scientist in political economy and outstanding organizer of science and higher learning of the Soviet and post-Soviet periods — Vsevolod Vsevolodovich Kulikov. The remarkable merits of V.V. Kulikov — bright representative of the University («tsagolovsky») school of the Marxist political economy before the national economics and Russian education of higher learning, his organizational and pedagogical talents as well as his rare personal charisma. The fact is that the direct students and followers of V.V. Kulikov, as well as those who more or less experienced the influence of this remarkable in many respects person, work not only in many regions of Russia, but in the neighboring or faraway countries, thus making a dignified part of «Russian World».

Keywords

V.V. Kulikov, N.A. Tsagolov, the Chair of political economy of the Faculty of Economics of the Moscow State University, University school of political economy, Marxism, K. Marx, V.I. Lenin.